IMA Fungus 15(1): e34113, doi: 10.1186/s43008-024-00155-8
Cultures as types and the utility of viable specimens for fungal nomenclature
Andrey Yurkov‡, Cobus M. Visagie§, Pedro W. Crous|, Akira Hashimoto¶, Christiane Baschien#, Martin Kemler¤, Nathan Schoutteten#, Marc Stadler«, Nalin N. Wijayawardene», Kevin D. Hyde˄, Ning Zhang˅, Andrey Yurkov¦, Teun Boekhoutˀ, Feng-Yan Baiˁ, Dominik Begerow, Neža Čadežˁ, Heide-Marie Danielˁ, Jack W. Fell₵, Marizeth Groenewald|, Marc-André Lachanceˁ, Diego Libkindˁ, Gábor Péterˁ, Masako Takashimaℓ, Benedetta Turchettiˁ, Tom W. May, Marco Thines₰, David L. Hawksworth₱, MC Aime₳‡ Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany§ Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Pretoria, South Africa| CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht¶ RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan# Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Department of Bioresources for Bioeconomy and Health Research, Brunswick, Germany¤ University of Hamburg, Organismic Botany and Mycology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Hamburg, Germany« Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department Microbial Drugs, Brunswick, Germany» Mae Fah Luang University, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Chiang Rai, Thailand˄ Mae Fah Luang University, Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Chiang Rai, Thailand˅ Rutgers University, Department of Plant Biology, New Brunswick¦ Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germanyˀ King Saud University, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabiaˁ IUMS International Commission on Yeasts, Bratislava, Slovakia₵ RSMAS/University of Miami, Key Biscayneℓ RIKEN BioResource Center, Japan Collection of Microorganisms, Saitama, Japan₰ Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt (Main), Germany₱ Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Madrid, Spain₳ Royal Botanic Gardens, Comparative Fungal Biology, Kew, Richmond
© Andrey Yurkov, Cobus Visagie, Pedro Crous, Akira Hashimoto, Christiane Baschien, Martin Kemler, Nathan Schoutteten, Marc Stadler, Nalin Wijayawardene, Kevin Hyde, Ning Zhang, Andrey Yurkov, Teun Boekhout, Feng-Yan Bai, Dominik Begerow, Neža Čadež, Heide-Marie Daniel, Jack Fell, Marizeth Groenewald, Marc-André Lachance, Diego Libkind, Gábor Péter, Masako Takashima, Benedetta Turchetti, Tom May, Marco Thines, David Hawksworth, MC Aime. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits to copy and distribute the article for non-commercial purposes, provided that the article is not altered or modified and the original author and source are credited. Citation:
Yurkov A, Visagie CM, Crous PW, Hashimoto A, Baschien C, Kemler M, Schoutteten N, Stadler M, Wijayawardene NN, Hyde KD, Zhang N, Yurkov A, Boekhout T, Bai F-Y, Begerow D, Čadež N, Daniel H-M, Fell JW, Groenewald M, Lachance M-A, Libkind D, Péter G, Takashima M, Turchetti B, May TW, Thines M, Hawksworth DL, Aime M (2024) Cultures as types and the utility of viable specimens for fungal nomenclature. IMA Fungus 15(1): e34113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-024-00155-8 |  |
Abstract
The debates over the requirement of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICNafp) for a viable specimen to represent the name-bearing type material for a species or infraspecific taxon have a long history. Taxonomy of fungi commonly studied as living cultures exemplified by yeasts and moulds, strongly depend on viable reference material. The availability of viable cultures is also particularly useful for several groups of filamentous and dimorphic fungi. While the preservation of metabolically inactive cultures is permitted and recommended by the ICNafp, there is room for improvement. Below, we review the history and current status of cultures as the name-bearing type material under the Code. We also present a roadmap with tasks to be achieved in order to establish a stable nomenclatural system that properly manages taxa typified by viable specimens. Furthermore, we propose setting up rules and defining the nomenclatural status of ex-type cultures under Chapter F, the section of the ICNafp that includes provisions specific to names of fungi.